This is a colorless, flammable toxic liquid with a pleasant aromatic odour. Hydrocarbon, benzene is the parent substance of the Aromatic Compounds. It consists of an unusually stable hexagonal ring of six carbon atoms, each of which is attached to a hydrogen atom.

Derivative compounds include toluene, phenol, and aniline. Obtained from coal tar and petroleum, benzene and its derivatives are used in making dyes and plastics.